The IGN-E case: Integrating through a hidden ontology

National Geographic Institute of Spain (IGN-E) wanted to integrate its main information sources for building a common vocabulary reference and thus to manage the huge amount of information it held. The main problem of this integration is the great heterogeneity of data sources. The Ontology Engineering Group (OEG) is working with IGN-E to attain this objective in two phases: first, by creating automatically an ontology using the semantics of catalogues sections, and second, by discovering mappings automatically that can relate ontology concepts to database instances. So, these mappings are the instruments to break the syntactic, semantic and granularity heterogeneity gap. We have developed software for building a first ontology version and for discovering automatically mappings using techniques that take into account all types of heterogeneity. The ontology contains a set of extra-attributes which are identified in the building process. The ontology, called PhenomenOntology, will be reviewed by domain experts of IGN-E. The automatic mapping discovery will be also used for discovering new knowledge that will be added to the ontology. For increasing the usability and giving independence to different parts, the processes of each phase will be designed automatically and as upgradeable as possible

General approach for dealing with dynamical systems with spatiotemporal periodicities

Dynamical systems often contain oscillatory forces or depend on periodic potentials. Time or space periodicity is reflected in the properties of these systems through a dependence on the parameters of their periodic terms. In this paper we provide a general theoretical framework for dealing with these kinds of systems, regardless of whether they are classical or quantum, stochastic or deterministic, dissipative or nondissipative, linear or nonlinear, etc. In particular, we are able to show that simple symmetry considerations determine, to a large extent, how their properties depend functionally on some of the parameters of the periodic terms. For the sake of illustration, we apply this formalism to find the functional dependence of the expectation value of the momentum of a Bose-Einstein condensate, described by the Gross-Pitaewskii equation, when it is exposed to a sawtooth potential whose amplitude is periodically modulated in time. We show that, by using this formalism, a small set of measurements is enough to obtain the functional form for a wide range of parameters. This can be very helpful when characterizing experimentally the response of systems for which performing measurements is costly or difficult.This work has been supported by through Grants No. MTM2012-36732-C03-03 (R.A.N.), No. FIS2011-24540 (N.R.Q.), and PRODIEVO (J.A.C.), from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain), Grants No. FQM262 (R.A.N.), No. FQM207 (N.R.Q.), and Nos. FQM-7276 and P09-FQM-4643 (N.R.Q., R.A.N.), from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain, Grant No. FIS2008-02873 (J.C.-P.), from Junta de Andalucía (Spain), and from the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Germany, through Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers SPA, Grant No. 1146358 STP (N.R.Q.).Publicad

The Narrow Line Region of Ark 564

The continuum and emission-line spectrum of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 564 is used to investigate, for the first time, the physical conditions and structure of its narrow line region (NLR). For this purpose, composite models, accounting for the coupled effect of photoionization and shocks, are employed. The emission-line spectrum of Ark 564, which ranges from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared, shows a rich forbidden line spectrum. Strong emphasis is given to the study of the coronal line region. The diversity of physical conditions deduced from the observations requires multi-cloud models to reproduce the observed lines and continuum. We find that a combination of high velocity (Vs = 1500 km/s) shock-dominated clouds as well as low velocity (Vs = 150 km/s) radiation-dominated clouds explains the coronal lines, while the optical low-ionization lines are mainly explained by shock-dominated clouds. The results for Ark 564 are compared with those obtained for other Seyfert galaxies previously analyzed such as NGC 5252, Circinus, NGC 4051 and NGC 4151. The model results for the ultraviolet and optical permitted lines suggest that the broad line region may contribute up to 80%, depending on the emission-line, being of about 30% for Hbeta. The consistency of the multi-cloud model is checked by comparing the predicted and observed continuum, from radio to X-ray, and indicate that the dust-to-gas ratio in the clouds varies from 10^{-15} to 10^{-12}.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure. Accepted in A&

Utilidad y significado de la infraestructura de datos espaciales de España. Hermenéutica de la IDEE

La Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales de España (www.idee.es), en funcionamiento desde el verano del 2004, es un proyecto cooperativo, de autoría colectiva, en el que participan organismos e instituciones de los tres ámbitos de la Administración Pública (general, regional y local), del entorno universitario y del sector privado. Básicamente consiste en un sistema distribuido en la Red que permite a cualquier usuario mediante un simple navegador (browser) la búsqueda, localización, visualización, superposición en pantalla, consulta, análisis y, en ocasiones, descarga de los datos geográficos disponibles en más de quince servidores pertenecientes a diferentes organismos cartográficos de España, que ofrecen mapas a varias escalas, nomenclátores, ortofotos, imágenes de satélite, catastro, etc., todo ello, con cobertura nacional, facilidad de acceso y sencillez de uso

Los sutiles mecanismos de la derivación aplicados al incordio

Se suele explicar la afijación -y la sufijación de un modo particular-, como un procedimiento para la creación de nuevas palabras y, por tanto, de nuevos significados en un plano meramente denotativo. Este marco no permite, sin embargo, dar cuenta de una manera convincente de todas las posibilidades derivativas; de ahí que se hayan interpretado los diminutivos atendiendo a lo que suponen de acercamiento afectivo del emisor hacia la palabra que éste enuncia en su forma de diminutivo. En esos casos, muchas veces el significado no tiene que ver con la denotación del término, sino más bien con esa forma particular del significado que conocemos como connotativo

Situación actual de los metadatos en el ámbito internacional

En un prinicipio, los metadatos han sido considerados como atributos descriptivos de las principales caracterísiticas de los recursos relacionados con la información ..

Experimental comparison to test the eligibility of the wave parameters H50t and H50i in the stability formulation for overtopped breakwaters

RESUMEN: Se ha realizado una investigación mediante modelación física sobre diques en escollera rebasables con el objetivo de verificar la idoneidad del uso de los parámetros de altura de ola H50t (altura promedio de las 50 mayores olas totales) y H50i (altura promedio de las 50 mayores olas incidentes) en la formulación de los números de estabilidad que permiten diseñar la estructura. Adicionalmente, se ha introducido la dependencia del francobordo en estas formulaciones. Se han realizado ensayos experimentales sobre una estructura en escollera con un núcleo y un manto bicapa, para tres niveles de francobordo (emergido, a nivel del agua en reposo y sumergido), a escala 1:50. Se han comparado los valores del daño S medidos y calculados, considerando las estimaciones obtenidas en función de la altura de ola incidente H50i y de la altura total H50t. Se ha demostrado que, para la estructura utilizada en este trabajo, el mejor ajuste se obtiene utilizando la H50i en la estimación del daño. Una posible razón de la peor estimación del daño utilizando la altura de ola total es que la necesidad del uso de una fórmula para el coeficiente de reflexión R añade una nueva dispersión a los resultados.ABSTRACT: An investigation on low-crested breakwater has been carried out using physical modeling with the objective of verifying the suitability of using the wave parameters H50t (average height of the 50 largest total waves) and H50i (average height of the 50 largest incident waves) in the stability formulations. Additionally, the dependence of the freeboard has been introduced in the mentioned formulations. Experimental tests have been performed on a breakwater structure with a core and a two-layer armour, for three freeboard levels (emerged, at still water level and submerged) at 1:50 scale. The measured and calculated damage values, S, have been compared, considering the different estimations based on the incident wave parameter H50i and the total wave parameter H50t. It has been shown that for the structure used in this work, the best fit was obtained using the parameter H50i. One possible reason for that is the fact that in the estimation of H50t the need to use a formula for the reflection coefficient R adds new dispersion results

Efecto del Locus CSN3 sobre la composición de la leche de cabra de raza murciano-granadina

CICYT AGL2002-04304-C03-01-02- 03 GA

On Providing Metro Ethernet Services over Transparent WDM Optical Rings

The long list of benefits (especially cost and capacity) of Ethernet LANs has made the IEEE, the ITU-T, and the Metro Ethernet Forum define the requirements for taking Ethernet beyond the local area, toward the metropolitan region. In addition, the ever-increasing traffic demands of new applications and users can only be met by the huge bandwidth capacity provided by optical fibers. This work studies how to provide metro Ethernet services over transparent tunable-transmitter fixed-receiver WDM optical ring networks. A new adaptation layer of ME to WDM is proposed, and its benefits and drawbacks are studied. It is shown that such a transparent WDM ring network can be seen as a logical full-mesh topology by the upper ME layer, thus reducing to one the number of optical-electronic-optical conversions per unicast frame. Additionally, two different approaches are proposed in the case of broadcast/multicast traffic, since this may bring scalability difficulties in ring topologies.The work described in this article was carried out with the support of the Building the Future Optical Network in Europe (BONE) project, a Network of Excellence funded by the European Commission through the 7th ICT-Framework Programme. Additionally, the authors are thankful for the support of the T2C2 (grant TIN2008-06739C04-01) and MEDIANET (grant S2009/TIC-1468) projects for the development of this work.European Community's Seventh Framework ProgramPublicad